{"id":712,"date":"2017-12-13T10:17:57","date_gmt":"2017-12-13T10:17:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?p=712"},"modified":"2017-12-13T10:23:43","modified_gmt":"2017-12-13T10:23:43","slug":"us-and-them-developing-open-and-collaborative-citizenship-identity-networks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?p=712","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Us and Them\u2019: Developing open and collaborative citizenship\/identity (networks)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Blog post by Dr Nora Siklodi, Lecturer in Politics, University of Portsmouth<\/a><\/p>\n

This entry provides a short overview of the key ideas presented at a recent workshop<\/a> organised by the Citizenship, Race and Belonging<\/a> (CRaB) research group in collaboration with the European Consortium for Political Research Standing Group on Citizenship<\/a> at the University of Portsmouth.[1]<\/a> The objective of the workshop, entitled \u2018Citizenship and Identity\u2019, was to bring together papers addressing the intersection between these two issues. Citizenship was defined along traditional lines, as the dynamic bond between a sovereign political community and the individual, which is then anticipated to shape community-building processes (Isin and Turner, 2002). By comparison, identity was seen as a key element of citizenship, determining senses of belonging to an otherwise \u2018imagined community\u2019 (Anderson, 1983) and its accompanying history, culture, symbols and territory; and determining categorisations of the \u201cother\u201d that is not part of the community (Castano et al<\/em>., 2002). While the workshop was successful in attracting relevant papers (discussed below), the conclusions we drew tackled another aspect of the intersection between citizenship and identity \u2013 one that materialises within <\/em>academic circles.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Trond Solhaug, Niels N\u00f8rgaard and Nora Siklodi were interested in the general role the intersection between citizenship and identity has in contemporary societies more broadly. Others studied more specific attempts at setting up novel or maintaining existing citizenship models. Perhaps the most notable example of a new model can be found in the European Union (EU) and so different aspects of the \u2018budding\u2019 European citizenship were inspected by Sybille Luhmann, Aleksandra Sojka and Behnam Balalimood. Focusing on more established models, the remaining papers cited a wider range of examples from Canada to Taiwan. Bernard Fournier and Francesca Raimondo deliberated on how distinctions are made between citizens who come from different socio-economic and religious backgrounds, while Karolina Czerska-Shaw focussed on the in\/formal processes, which may assist\/hinder the attempts of migrants\/residents to secure citizenship. Simon Thompson then explored the inter-societal differentiation processes, which affect the ability of (new) citizens to realise their citizenship. As the workshop progressed, a recurring theme materialised. Emphasis was placed on instances where the intersection between citizenship and identity has had behavioural (e.g. it affected dispositions to vote for certain politicians or parties) and emotional (e.g. resurgence of nationalism) implications.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c1gnes Vass examined how the Hungarian diaspora in Canada comes together and cherishes its Magyar<\/em> roots. In so doing, she argued, a form of extraterritorial Hungarian citizenship develops: one that lacks a legal status or political recognition comparable to the more formal Hungarian\/ Canadian citizenships. Nonetheless, this group exhibits more profound senses of belonging to Hungary \u2013 which some had never even visited \u2013 than to Canada. It is then fascinating to learn more about the Hungarian government\u2019s strategy to establish semi-formal support systems, which deal with Hungarian minorities who reside outside Hungary and so, perhaps deliberately, defies traditional understanding of what citizenship is meant to signify. The dominant public, elite and media discourses, which define contemporary Hungarian citizenship were then sketched by Robert Sata.<\/p>\n

It is important to note however that we do not have to search for small expat groups or increasingly nationalistic\/populist-type governments to find that traditional approaches to citizenship and identity \u2013 our starting point for this workshop as outlined above \u2013 has its own limitations. Indeed, as soon as we move away from the usual \u2018Western\u2019 sphere, citizenship appears to have a considerably different meaning and purpose. Chin Tseng drew our attention to how different classes of citizens, based on gender, relationship and migration status, religion and ethnicity are categorised by Taiwanese law, and are then accepted as the norm by members of the Taiwanese society. While similar categories may also be used in Western models, what is really different in the Taiwanese case is how such categories are legally embedded and determine what a \u2018good citizen\u2019 looks like \u2013 following openly gendered and elite-led policy lines. This case does not only highlight an official and unambiguous form of categorisation of the public on the whole, but also the struggle new citizens and their family members must face<\/em> if wishing to participate in a given society. Most importantly, this type of categorisation means that new citizens can never fully integrating into their host society. While the Taiwanese example may at first appear removed from Western laws and norms, similar instances affecting the arrivals of migrants occur in the West too. Actually, the refugee crisis has paved the way for similar practices<\/a> to be applied more extensively than it has been (perhaps) done so hitherto, and with considerable public support<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Therefore, the proceedings in this workshop clearly challenged the possibility that the intersection between citizenship and identity is or has ever been static. Instead, what we observed was the continuing<\/em> prevalence of exclusionary, ethnic and culturist norms, which frustrate and nourish individual and group struggles for recognition across the globe (Kymlicka, 2011). The keynote presentation by Olivia Rutazibwa portrayed this issue expertly, using personal anecdotes and the brown female body to illustrate how intersectional differences have been present in Western models of citizenship long before the refugee crisis. Olivia challenged traditional, mainstream citizenship models and their accompanying (often nationalistic) identity politics. Taking the discussion well beyond the original purpose of the workshop, she interrogated attendees\u2019 own role and experiences \u2013 and whether their personal and professional experiences really differed from the practices they researched and were, presumably, removed from.<\/p>\n

The ensuing reflection underlined that, while most distinctions between our papers were along disciplinary (political science, international relations, anatomy, sociology, history, legal and development studies and so on) and scholarly dispositions (socio-economic background, country of origin, country of work, and so on), our common obsessions to seek impartiality \u2013 a supposed attribute of good (read \u2018scientific\u2019) scholarship \u2013 may have barred us from following the recommendations we reached in our research. Olivia\u2019s use of brown female bodies as an emblem of the deep-rooted segregation incorporated into each and every one of our societies via institutionalised dis\/information, and as forming an essential part of our often fragile sense of solidarity, served as an important wake up call. Her memo \u2013 \u201cthere is a role for us all in the intersectional struggle for justice<\/em>\u201d \u2013 was a formidable proposition to a group of international researchers who came together in Portsmouth at the very moment that members of the British public were deciding what their country stands for (via the 2017 UK General Election which took place during the conference itself) and, especially, whether or not it should further (?) sever its ties with EUrope The potential implications of the outcome of the election for workshop participants were huge both professionally as (not wanted) experts and personally as citizens, migrants and EU residents. Yet we all decided to attend an(other) academic \u201cbusiness as usual\u201d looking event. This event ended up turning the spotlight on us, questioning precisely<\/em> what were we doing (here).<\/p>\n

In short, there is clearly a requirement to acknowledge and to respect the ways our personal and professional dispositions affect our academic work, and to provide frank and open collaborative spaces within which we can learn more about how these issues affect us. This is, after all, the very objective our research and papers adhered to in their consideration of the intersection between citizenship and identity.<\/p>\n

With its objective to further research and public networks, and to promote social justice and investigate structural inequalities, CRaB seems ideally placed to carry this work forward.<\/p>\n

References<\/u><\/p>\n

Anderson, B. (2006) Imagined communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism<\/em>. London: Verso Books.<\/p>\n

Castano, E., Paladino, M.P., Coull, A. and Yzerbyt, V.Y. (2002) \u2018Protecting the ingroup stereotype: Ingroup identification and the management of deviant ingroup members\u2019, British Journal of Social Psychology<\/em>, 41(3): 365 \u2013 85.<\/p>\n

Isin, E. F., & Turner, B. S. (Eds.) (2002) Handbook of Citizenship Studies<\/em>, London: Sage.<\/p>\n

Kymlicka, W. (2011) \u2018Invited symposium: New directions and issues for the study of ethnicity, nationalism and multiculturalism\u2019, Ethnicities<\/em>, 11(1), 5 \u2013 11.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Special thanks are also due to the Norwegian University of Science and Technology for their financial support.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Blog post by Dr Nora Siklodi, Lecturer in Politics, University of Portsmouth This entry provides a short overview of the key ideas presented at a recent workshop organised by the Citizenship, Race and Belonging (CRaB) research group in collaboration with the European Consortium for Political Research Standing Group on Citizenship at the University of Portsmouth.[1] The objective of the workshop, entitled \u2018Citizenship and Identity\u2019, was to bring together papers addressing the intersection between these two issues. Citizenship was defined along traditional lines, as the dynamic bond between a sovereign political community and the individual, which is then anticipated to shape<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs","category-news_events"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/crab.port.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Nora-3.jpg?fit=465%2C310&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8bhxC-bu","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":540,"url":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?p=540","url_meta":{"origin":712,"position":0},"title":"Call for papers: Workshop on Citizenship and Identity.","author":"Charles Leddy-Owen","date":"8th February 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Call for papers: Citizenship Workshop\u00a0-\u00a0Citizenship and Identity European Consortium for Political Research Standing Group\u00a0 The intersection between citizenship and identity: Contemporary processes of differentiation and exclusion Workshop 7-8 June 2017, University of Portsmouth DEADLINE: 3 April 2017 This workshop seeks to provide a critical context for theoretical and empirical examinations\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "News and Events"","block_context":{"text":"News and Events","link":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?cat=3"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/crab.port.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/united-kingdom-653010_960_720.png?fit=455%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":790,"url":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?p=790","url_meta":{"origin":712,"position":1},"title":"Call for Papers: Exploring the Edges of Citizenship, Workshop 1: Nationhood and Nationalism","author":"Charles Leddy-Owen","date":"1st March 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Call for Papers: Exploring the Edges of Citizenship, Workshop 1: Nationhood and Nationalism International Interdisciplinary Workshop at the University of Portsmouth on 4th July 2019 Confirmed keynote speakers: Gurminder Bhambra, Jon Fox, Shruti Kapila, Sini\u0161a Male\u0161evi\u0107, Henning Melber, Sivamohan Valluvan Call: On 4th July we will hold the first in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "News"","block_context":{"text":"News","link":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?cat=22"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/crab.port.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/photo-1416269196238-b302e809344d-2.jpg?fit=375%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":456,"url":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?p=456","url_meta":{"origin":712,"position":2},"title":"University of Portsmouth PhD Bursaries","author":"CRaB admin","date":"2nd December 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"University of Portsmouth's Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences are currently advertising a number of fully funded PhD bursaries for an Autumn 2017 start. Members of CRaB welcome expressions of interest by applicants with an interest in researching topics related to Citizenship, 'Race' and Belonging. You can find out more\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "News"","block_context":{"text":"News","link":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?cat=22"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":435,"url":"https:\/\/crab.port.ac.uk\/?p=435","url_meta":{"origin":712,"position":3},"title":"“Black Preachers in Georgian Portsmouth” – Public Lecture by Dr Ryan Hanley","author":"Jessica Moody","date":"30th November 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"As part of Black History Month 2016, the Citizenship \u2018Race\u2019 and Belonging Research Network hosted a public lecture on the history of Portsmouth\u2019s black presence in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. 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